Chronic Bronchitis Explained

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchi of the respiratory system. Bronchitis is considered "chronic" when it persists for three months or more for at least two consecutive years. Chronic bronchitis is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Chronic bronchitis causes excessive mucus within the bronchial tree and a "wet" cough (cough which brings up mucus). It is caused predominantly by smoking and secondhand smoke. Allergies, outdoor and indoor air pollution, and infection have been known to be exacerbating factors. (See How to Reduce Respiratory Irritants in Your Home.)

Signs and Symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis

Coughing

Shortness of breath

Frequent lung and respiratory tract infections

Wheezing

Fatigue

Swelling of the legs and ankles

Frequent headaches

Diagnostic Testing of Chronic Bronchitis

Pulmonary Function Tests

Arterial Blood Gas Analysis (ABG)

Chest X-Ray

Pulse Oximetry

Complete Blood Count

CT Scan

Treatment for Chronic Bronchitis

Chronic bronchitis cannot be cured, only treated. Inhaled medications may be prescribed to dilate the airways and reduce symptoms. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to fight the infection. Corticosteroids can be helpful for flare-ups when other treatments are ineffective.

Treatment plans for chronic bronchitis should also include quitting smoking if you are a smoker, and reducing respiratory irritants in your home. Physical exercise programs and breathing exercises may also be helpful in improving breathing difficulty associated with chronic bronchitis. (See Commit to Quit Smoking and How to Reduce Respiratory Irritants in Your Home.)

Source: A.D.A.M.